Daily sentiment
Net daily sentiment ranged from -20.67 for on Sunday the 26th to 24.23 for on Wednesday the 29th.
The sentiment for each tweet is scored from -1 (most negative) to +1 (most positive) using VADER sentiment analysis. Net sentiment is calculated by summing the sentiment across all tweets for a given day and/or category, then normalizing the score by the number of tweets.
Medical conditions from the MedDRA dictionary
Pain was the most frequently observed medical condition mentioned. Migraine had the highest overall net sentiment of 36.28. Crying had the lowest net sentiment this week (-38.14).
| medical condition | count | sentiment |
|---|---|---|
| Pain | 71 | -33.94 |
| Anxiety | 66 | 5.74 |
| ADHD | 26 | -16.06 |
| Coldness, Cold | 20 | 16.54 |
| Sleepiness, Sleepy | 19 | -3.86 |
| Crying | 17 | -38.14 |
| Numbness | 12 | -6.44 |
| Sickness | 12 | -37.77 |
| Fall | 11 | 7.30 |
| Migraine | 10 | 36.28 |
MedDra is a standardized medical terminology developed by the International Council for Harmonization Cross-referencing tweets against this list is a starting point for identifying medical conditions mentioned in tweets.
Cross-referencing the MedDRA dictionary by sentiment and topic
Positive tweets:
There were 118 tweets with an strong positive sentiment. The top 10 most frequent medical conditions mentioned within these tweets were (1) Anxiety, (2) ADHD, (3) Pain, (4) Coldness, Cold, (5) Migraine, (6) Sleepiness, Sleepy, (7) Fall, (8) Insomnia, (9) Numbness, (10) MS. Of these terms, Insomnia (n=4), MS (n=3) were not in the top 10 most frequent terms across all tweets.
Negative tweets:
There were 171 tweets with an strong negative sentiment. The top 10 most frequent medical conditions mentioned within these tweets were (1) Pain, (2) Anxiety, (3) ADHD, (4) Crying, (5) Sickness, (6) Stress, (7) Boil, (8) Violent, (9) Brain injury, (10) Cancer. Of these terms, Stress (n=6), Boil (n=5), Violent (n=5), Brain injury (n=4), Cancer (n=4) were not in the top 10 most frequent terms across all tweets.
Word-level analysis
The 25 most important words within positive tweets (compared to negative and neutral) tweets are shown in the treemap below. The size of each box represents the weighted score of each word. The word “chocol” within the search for “Tryptophan” had the highest overall weight. When the words are summed for each topic, Tryptophan had the highest overall weight.
The 25 most important words within negative tweets (compared to positive and neutral) tweets are shown in the treemap below. The word “associ” within the search for “Tryptophan” had the highest overall weight. When the words are summed for each topic, “Tryptophan” had the highest overall weight within negative tweets.
This analysis of words evaluates the stemmed version of words using the Snowball algorithm. By stemming words, words with similar meaning, such as pain, painful & pained, are grouped together as simply “pain”.
Beta: text classification
Tweets that describe adverse events/side effects (first person point of view)
| tweet | search topic(s) | medical condition(s) mentioned |
|---|---|---|
| GUYS im having the most pain-free, symptom-less period everrr im not cramping, boobs aren’t sore, no lower back pain, had no pms depression it’s so amazingg i think it’s bc of the fluoxetine ive been on for a couple weeks plus ive been happier overall too i love it 🙂 | fluoxetine | Back pain, Cramp, Pain |
| Day 7 – 25mg sertraline with breakfast
I feel day 5 I really turned a corner. Less side effects. Feeling positive Day 6 – just sailed through the day Overall my feelings of constant dread and anxiety have gone. I had this feeling for a couple of months. |
sertraline | Anxiety |
| My Ambien, my Rozerem, my Ativan, my Xanax, my trazodone, my Lithium. Seroquel, Lunesta. Valium. I laughed. I teared up. Finally, my heart slowed. | trazodone | Tearfulness |
| Amitriptyline and olanzapine cured me of these things post covid: sleep disorder, nausea/gerd, temperature regulation, headaches/migraines, suicidal thoughts (mostly), tamed down agitation, circulation in hands and feet, psychosis, MCAS, dysautonomia, chest pain, pain, etc. | amitriptyline | Agitated, Agitation, Chest pain, Pain |
| This new medication, fucking bupropion, is literally making my fucking emotions go absolutely fucking crazy. I’ve only been taking it for 5 days there’s no way fucking antidepressants work like that either way i fucking just feel agitated and i feel like I’m fucking loosing it | bupropion | Agitated, Agitation |
| 1000% I was a walking zombie on sertraline, barely felt any emotion. I’m on fluxotine now and it’s just as bad tbh, the only time I cry is mid breakdown now and I usually cry at everything <U+0001F605> | sertraline | Crying |
| okay i never cry but these past three days i stopped taking my meds i haven’t been able to stop crying and breaking down and feeling anxiety pulse through my body … this is #me crawling back to my fucking ssri I HATE YOU SERTRALINE | sertraline | Anxiety, Crying |
| _amira _tinks _ccc _Rascal _halverson I was having night sweats and my mind was racing at 150mph. Weird. Wasn’t easy to sleep but that all went after a few weeks. But before the Duloxetine I was having really weird sleep phenomena, weird dreams and auditory hallucinations while falling asleep. | duloxetine | Auditory hallucinations, Fall, Hallucinating, Hallucinations, Night sweats, Sweating |
| So sertraline makes me sleepy but I still can’t knock out until 4-5am but now when I take Diazepam and my antidepressant all I feel is my eyes start getting really really heavy after like an hour and I knock out for a good 7-8 hrs and don’t feel tired afteralthough sumtimes I do | sertraline | Sleepiness, Sleepy |
| I was on Mirtazapine. Weight gain and tiredness was intolerable. Changed my meds and feeling so much better. | mirtazapine | Tiredness, Weight gain |
| So it’s 100% Lexapro withdrawal, despite tapering: “Stopping escitalopram abruptly may result in one or more of the following withdrawal symptoms: irritability, nausea, feeling dizzy, vomiting, nightmares, headache, and/or paresthesias (prickling, tingling sensation on the skin)” | escitalopram | Dizziness, Dizzy, Headache, Irritability, Irritable, Nausea, Nightmare, Nightmares, Tingling, Tingling sensation, Vomiting |
| New antidepressant: Vivid dreams, teeth hurt, gums feel weird. Stomach is off. Still better than wanting to cease existing. Side effects should wear off soon. The dreams are not nightmares, feel very true to real emotions. #vilazodone | vilazodone | Nightmare, Nightmares, Vivid dreams |
| It’s been 10 days since I’m back on amitriptyline and I’m still surprised every time I fall asleep after taking a pill. | amitriptyline | Fall |
| I took codine, amitriptyline and naproxen before bed last night just so I could sleep this pain in my shoulder. It worked but now I feel like hammered shit and my shoulder is worse than ever. What’s the fucking point. | amitriptyline | Pain |
| _xpress . Olanzapine is associated with a decline in cortical thickness.
Imipramine is associated with anticholinergic side effects, blurred vision, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, constipation, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, stomach cramps, weight gain/loss. . |
imipramine | Blurred vision, Constipation, Cramp, Diarrhea, Dizziness, Dizzy, Drowsiness, Headache, Nausea, Stomach cramps, Vomiting |
| Took 75mg of Venlafaxine (Effexor?) and I feel high and jittery <U+0001F37B> here’s to 4-6 weeks of side effects but on a positive looking forward to the mad dreams again | venlafaxine | Feeling high, Jitteriness |
| This is exactly why I came off all meds. I was on venlafaxine and mirtazipine for 3 yrs. All I felt was anger. Woke up one day and just didn’t take them. Now I still have bad days, but I can FEEL! I still struggle with regulation but better than being numb. Gd luck!<U+0001F49C> | venlafaxine | Anger, Numbness |
| Been to the supermarket, put the rubbish out, STILL feel drowsy (earlier this morning was total zombie – it’s the additional Amitriptyline from last night).
A recovery day today. Body feels weird with change in medication dose… |
amitriptyline | Drowsiness |
| sertraline dreams are so vivid i woke up this morning crying thinking my mum had moved out of the country and left me to look after my little sister <U+0001F441><U+0001F444><U+0001F441> | sertraline | Crying |
| Woke up dizzy and in pain despite meds. Kicker is I can’t take my dizziness meds because they interact with amitriptyline. So now I’m groggy, dizzy, in pain and can’t do fuck all about any of it. Fuck this body I want a new one. | amitriptyline | Dizziness, Dizzy, Groggy, Pain |
This classifier was trained on a set of tweets manually reviewed and tagged. The classifier was trained using GloVe, a pretrained word embedding layer.
References
Webpage created in R version 4.1.0 (2021-05-18) and R Studio (Version 1.4.1717) using the following packages: plotly, kableExtra, formattable, treemap, and wordpressr.
- C. Sievert. Interactive Web-Based Data Visualization with R, plotly, and shiny. Chapman and Hall/CRC Florida, 2020.
- Hao Zhu (2021). kableExtra: Construct Complex Table with ‘kable’ and Pipe Syntax. R package version 1.3.4.
- Kun Ren and Kenton Russell (2021). formattable: Create ‘Formattable’ Data Structures. R package version 0.2.1.
- Martijn Tennekes (2021). treemap: Treemap Visualization. R package version 2.4-3.
- Simit Patel (2021). wordpressr: An API Wrapper for WordPress Site APIs. R package version 0.1.0.
- Hutto, C.J. & Gilbert, E.E. (2014). VADER: A Parsimonious Rule-based Model for Sentiment Analysis of Social Media Text. Eighth International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM-14). Ann Arbor, MI, June 2014.